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Democrats in the House of Delegates predictably rejected an amendment from Republican lawmakers Tuesday that would have replaced the Legislative Redistricting Advisory Commission鈥檚 proposed congressional map with one put forward by the Maryland Citizens Redistricting Commission, which is aligned with Gov. Lawrence J. Hogan Jr. (R).
The House then gave preliminary approval to the legislative commission鈥檚 proposed congressional boundaries. A final House vote could come as early as Tuesday evening.
House Minority Leader Jason C. Buckel (R-Washington County) introduced an amendment that would have switched the Legislative Redistricting Advisory Commission鈥檚 proposed congressional map in聽聽with the map proposed by the Maryland Citizens Redistricting Commission, a multi-partisan panel that Hogan created.
鈥淚t鈥檚 really very compact, and it鈥檚 really very contiguous, and it represents communities of interest,鈥� Buckel said of the Maryland Citizens Redistricting Commission map.
Buckel, one of two Republicans on the seven-member Legislative Redistricting Advisory Commission (LRAC), said he opposes the聽聽because the districts aren鈥檛 compact.
In a joint committee hearing Monday, lawmakers聽聽and didn鈥檛 vote on the Maryland Citizens Redistricting Commission proposal. The LRAC was created by Senate President Bill Ferguson (D-Baltimore City) and House Speaker Adrienne A. Jones (D-Baltimore County). Jones and Ferguson are both members of that panel alongside two other Democratic legislative leaders, the two Republican legislative leaders and Karl Aro, the commission chair and former head of the nonpartisan Department of Legislative Services.
Compactness of U.S. House districts has been a key aspect of the debate on the state鈥檚 next set of congressional maps. Republicans have highlighted the fact that the Maryland Citizens Redistricting Commission sought to minimize county splits in drawing their congressional proposal, but at the Monday committee hearing on both map proposals, Aro said compactness isn鈥檛 as important a factor in congressional maps compared to population equality and compliance with the federal Voting Rights Act.
Del. C.T. Wilson (D-Charles County) defended the Legislative Redistricting Advisory Commission map during the Tuesday morning floor debate on Buckel鈥檚 amendment, and said panelists focused on preserving communities of interest, protecting the voting power of people of color and keeping as many people as possible in their current districts over compactness. Wilson added that the LRAC map still marks a 鈥渄ramatic change鈥� because it is more compact than current maps, but also said Maryland鈥檚 borders don鈥檛 lend themselves to neatly drawn districts.
鈥淭he shape of Maryland isn鈥檛 pleasing to the eye,鈥� Wilson said. 鈥淚t鈥檚 misshapen and out of proportion.鈥�
House Majority Leader Eric G. Luedtke (D-Montgomery) urged lawmakers to reject Buckel鈥檚 amendment, and said that if Hogan and Republicans in the General Assembly oppose gerrymandering they should support the federal For The People Act, which would require nonpartisan redistricting commissions across the country. That legislation, sponsored by Maryland Rep. John P. Sarbanes (D), passed the U.S. House of Representatives earlier this year but has been聽聽by Republicans in the Senate.
Luedtke noted that Hogan recently took credit for the bipartisan infrastructure bill that recently passed Congress and was signed into law by President Biden, and sarcastically wondered why Hogan wouldn鈥檛 do the same for the Sarbanes bill if he was so concerned about gerrymandering.
鈥淚f he鈥檚 that influential in the [U.S.] Senate I would urge him to call for the passage of the For the People Act,鈥� Luedtke said.
Other House Republicans took issue with the partisan breakdown of the proposed LRAC map and the state鈥檚 current congressional districts. Current maps create a 7-1 partisan breakdown favoring Democrats, and with the 1st Congressional District redrawn to be much more competitive, the LRAC鈥檚 proposal could result in an 8-0 partisan breakdown.
鈥淭here鈥檚 definitely more Democrats than Republicans in the state of Maryland, but it鈥檚 not 7-1,鈥� said Del. Matthew Morgan (R-St. Mary鈥檚). He noted that after the 1990 Census, Maryland had a 4-4 partisan split in its congressional delegation, which moved to 6-2 in favor of Democrats following the 2000 Census.
The Maryland Citizens Redistricting Commission map minimizes county splits and received an聽聽from the Princeton Gerrymandering Project, which evaluated the proposal based on geographical features, competitiveness and partisan fairness. The Legislative Redistricting Advisory Commission鈥檚 final proposed congressional map received an聽聽based on those same criteria from analysts at Princeton. Luedtke questioned Princeton鈥檚聽聽during the floor debate because it doesn鈥檛 include Voting Rights Act compliance.
Buckel鈥檚 amendment was ultimately voted down, largely along partisan lines, 93-43.
