DUKOVANY NUCLEAR PLANT, Czech Republic (AP) 鈥� The eight huge cooling towers of the Dukovany power plant overlook a construction site for two more reactors as the Czech Republic pushes ahead with plans to expand its reliance on nuclear energy.
Mobile drilling rigs have been extracting samples 140 meters below ground for a geological survey to make sure the site is suitable for a $19 billion project as part of the expansion that should eventually at least double the country鈥檚 nuclear output and cement its place among Europe鈥檚 most nuclear-dependent nations.
in a tender to construct a new plant whose two reactors will have an output of over 1,000 megawatts each. After becoming operational in the second half 2030s, they will complement Dukovany鈥檚 four 512-MW reactors that date from the 1980s.
gives the Czechs an option to have two more units built at the other nuclear plant in Temel铆n, which currently has two 1,000-megawatt reactors.
Then, they are set to follow up with .
鈥淣uclear will generate between 50% and 60% around 2050 in the Czech Republic, or maybe slightly more,” Petr Z谩vodsk媒, chief executive of the Dukovany project, told The Associated Press in an interview.
The nuclear expansion is needed to help the country wean itself off fossil fuels, secure steady and reliable supplies at a reasonable price, meet low emission requirements and enable robust demand for electricity expected in the coming years to power data centers and electric cars, Z谩vodsk媒 said.
Europe鈥檚 nuclear revival
The Czech expansion comes at a time when surging energy demand and looming deadlines by countries and companies to sharply cut carbon pollution are helping to revive interest in nuclear technology. While nuclear power does produce waste, it does not produce greenhouse gas emissions, like carbon dioxide, the main driver of climate change.
by including it in the classification system for environmentally sustainable economic activities, opening the door to financing. That has been a boost for the Czech Republic, , and France 鈥� the 鈥� that have heavily relied on nuclear.
Belgium and Sweden recently scrapped plans to phase out nuclear power. Denmark and Italy are reconsidering its use, while Poland is set to join a club of 12 nuclear-friendly nations in the European Union after signing a deal with U.S.-based .
The EU generated 24% of nuclear electricity in 2024.
Britain signed a with the United States in September that Energy Secretary Ed Miliband said would lead to 鈥渁 golden age of nuclear in this country.鈥� It will also to build the Sizewell C , the first in the U.K. since 1995.
CEZ, the dominant Czech power company in which the government holds a 70% stake, and Britain鈥檚 Rolls-Royce SMR have to develop and deploy small modular nuclear reactors.
Money matters
The cost of the Dukovany project is estimated at over $19 billion, with the government agreeing to acquire an 80% majority in the new plant. The government will secure a loan for the new units that CEZ will repay over 30 years. The state will also guarantee a stable income from the electricity production for CEZ for 40 years. Approval is expected to be granted by the EU, which aims to become 鈥渃limate-neutral鈥� by 2050.
鈥淲e鈥檙e in a good position to argue that we won鈥檛 be able to do without new nuclear units,鈥� Z谩vodsk媒 said. 鈥淭oday, we get some 40% electricity from nuclear, but we also currently get another 40% from coal. It鈥檚 clear we have to replace the coal.鈥�
Uncertainty over financing has caused a significant delay in the nuclear expansion. In 2014, CEZ canceled a tender to build two reactors at the existing Temelin nuclear plant after the government refused to provide financial guarantees.
Russia鈥檚 energy giant Rosatom and China鈥檚 CNG were from the Dukovany tender on security grounds following the Kremlin鈥檚 invasion of Ukraine.
CEZ signed a deal wit to supply nuclear fuel for its two nuclear plants, eliminating the country鈥檚 dependence on Russia. The contract with KHNP secures fuel supplies for 10 years.
Opposition
While atomic energy enjoys public support, skeptical voices can be heard at home and abroad.
The Friends of the Earth say it is too costly and the money could be better used for improving the industry. The country also still does not have a permanent storage for spent fuel.
The Dukovany and Temel铆n plants are located near the border with Austria, which abandoned nuclear energy after the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear explosion. In 2000, a dispute over the Temel铆n plant resulted in a political crisis and blocked border crossings for weeks.
Austria remains and its lower house of Parliament has already rejected the Czech small modular reactors plan.
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