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Photos: How D.C. keeps its water safe from lead

Lead leaching from lead pipes into drinking water was the focus of Washington, D.C.'s drinking water crisis. (海角精品黑料/Neal Augenstein)
Tom Jacobus, general manager of the Washington Aqueduct, demonstrates how the addition of orthophosphate during the water treatment process changes the composition of aging lead pipes in customers’ homes. Adding orthophosphate prevents lead pipes from leaching lead into a home’s drinking water. Related story: 聽 (海角精品黑料/Neal Augenstein)
Even without lead service lines, which carry water from the street into a home, lead can be introduced in copper pipes with lead solder or older fixtures, which were allowed to contain large amounts of lead.   (海角精品黑料/Neal Augenstein)
In the lower level of the Washington Aqueduct, orthophosphate is ready to be introduced to the water treatment process. (海角精品黑料/Neal Augenstein)
The amount of orthophosphate added to the water was tweaked soon after treatment began in 2004, says Tom Jacobus of the Washington Aqueduct. (海角精品黑料/Neal Augenstein)
Pumps add orthophosphate to water toward the end of the treatment process, says Tom Jacobus. (海角精品黑料/Neal Augenstein)
The Washington Aqueduct now runs lead pipe loops, which allows fully treated water to run through lead pipes at the plant, to make sure corrosion is being controlled. (海角精品黑料/Neal Augenstein)
In addition to real-time computer monitoring of orthophosphate levels, scientists at the Aqueduct sample treated water hourly in the laboratory. (海角精品黑料/Neal Augenstein)
Before Flint, Michigan, the nation's capital dealt with its own lead-in-water crisis. (海角精品黑料/Neal Augenstein)
By testing lab samples of water hourly for corrosion, in addition to computerized readings, 聽the Washington Aqueduct has a second method of聽ensuring drinking water isn’t causing leaching of lead from lead pipes. (海角精品黑料/Neal Augenstein)
Water turns blue in the vial during testing at the Washington Aqueduct as part of the procedure to make sure treated water isn’t causing corrosion of lead service lines and pipes. (海角精品黑料/Neal Augenstein)
Customers of DC Water can have drinking water tested for lead. (海角精品黑料/Neal Augenstein)
DC Water customers can request free tests of their tap water. 聽Samples sent for lead testing are done at the Aqueduct. (海角精品黑料/Neal Augenstein)
If testing at the Washington Aqueduct reveals unsafe levels of lead in customers’ water, DC Water offers suggestions on making sure lead-free water is used for drinking, cooking, and food preparation. (海角精品黑料/Neal Augenstein)
Tom Jacobus, general manager of the Washington Aqueduct, demonstrates how the addition of orthophosphate during the water treatment process helps reduce leaching of lead in customers’ homes. (海角精品黑料/Neal Augenstein)
Virginia Tech environmental engineer Marc Edwards has been instrumental in researching the Flint and D.C. lead-in-water crises. (Photo courtesy Virginia Tech)
Marc Edwards examines plumbing in Flint, Michigan. (Photo courtesy Virginia Tech)
Environmental engineer Marc Edwards examines plumbing in Flint, Michigan. (Photo courtesy Virginia Tech)
Marc Edwards and students from Virginia Tech are testing drinking water in Flint, Michigan. (Photo courtesy Virginia Tech)
Marc Edwards and students from Virginia Tech are testing drinking water in Flint, Michigan. (Photo courtesy Virginia Tech)
In 2004, four-year-old Nic Cappella cries as a blood sample is drawn.  (Photo by Alex Wong/Getty Images)
In 2004, four-year-old Nic Cappella cries as a blood sample is drawn as he is tested for lead. (Photo by Alex Wong/Getty Images)
Water filters were handed out during D.C.'s drinking water crisis. (Photo by Alex Wong/Getty Images)
Water filters were handed out in 2004, during D.C.’s drinking water crisis. (Photo by Alex Wong/Getty Images)
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Lead leaching from lead pipes into drinking water was the focus of Washington, D.C.'s drinking water crisis. (海角精品黑料/Neal Augenstein)
Before Flint, Michigan, the nation's capital dealt with its own lead-in-water crisis. (海角精品黑料/Neal Augenstein)
Customers of DC Water can have drinking water tested for lead. (海角精品黑料/Neal Augenstein)
Marc Edwards examines plumbing in Flint, Michigan. (Photo courtesy Virginia Tech)
Marc Edwards and students from Virginia Tech are testing drinking water in Flint, Michigan. (Photo courtesy Virginia Tech)
In 2004, four-year-old Nic Cappella cries as a blood sample is drawn.  (Photo by Alex Wong/Getty Images)
Water filters were handed out during D.C.'s drinking water crisis. (Photo by Alex Wong/Getty Images)

Neal Augenstein

Neal Augenstein has been a general assignment reporter with 海角精品黑料 since 1997. He says he looks forward to coming to work every day, even though that means waking up at 3:30 a.m.

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